Useful jBase Commands

Useful jBase Commands

JBASETHREADCreate	command	Starts a thread.
JBASETHREADStatus	command	Shows the status of all running threads.

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Useful jBase Functions

Here is the list of use Full jBase Functions.

@	function	Cursor and screen manipulation.
ABS	function	Returns absolute value.
ABSS	function	Returns absolute value of elements in a dynamic array
ADDS	function	Adds corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
ALPHA	function	Returns Boolean result for alphabetic check.
ANDS	function	Create a dynamic array of logical AND of corresponding elements from two arrays.
ASCII	function	EBCDIC to ASCII conversion function.
ASSIGNED	function	Returns Boolean result for variable assignment.
BITAND	function	Performs a bitwise AND comparison of two integers.
BITCHANGE	function	Toggles the state of the specified bit.
BITCHECK	function	Returns the current value of the specified bit.
BITLOAD	function	Assigns values in the local bit table.
BITNOT	function	Returns the bitwise negation of an integer specified by a numeric expression.
BITOR	function	Performs a bitwise OR comparison of two integers.
BITRESET	function	Resets the value of the specified bit.
BITSET	function	Sets the value of the specified bit.
BITTEST	function	Tests the bit number of the integer specified by an expression.
BITXOR	function	Performs a bitwise XOR comparison of two integers.
BYTELEN	function	returns the length of the expression as the number of bytes rather than the number of characters.
CALLONEXIT	function	specifies the name of a subroutine to call when the program terminates
CATS	function	Concatenates corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
CHANGE	function	Sub-string replacement.
CHANGE	function	Adjust existing time stamp to return new timestamp value.
CHAR	function	Returns the ASCII equivalent of a numeric expression.
CHARS	function	Returns the ASCII equivalents of the numeric expressions in a dynamic array.
CHDIR	function	Changes the current directory.
CHECKSUM	function	Returns numeric checksum for the supplied expression.
COL1 / COL2	functions	Position determination subsequent to use of the FIELD function.
COMPARE	function	Compares two strings.
CONVERT	function	Converts a character string to another.
COS	function	Returns the cosine of an angle.
COUNT	function	Returns the number of times that one string occurs in another.
COUNTS	function	Counts the number of times a substring is repeated in each element of a dynamic array.
DATE	function	Returns the date in internal form.
DCOUNT	function	Counts the number of elements in a string separated by a specified delimiter.
DECRYPT	function	Decodes an encrypted string.
DIR	function	Returns information about a file.
DIVS	function	Divides corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
DIV	function	Calculates the value of the quotient after division of the dividend by the divisor.
DOWNCASE	function	Converts all uppercase characters in an expression to lowercase.
DQUOTE	function	Encloses a value in double quotation marks.
DROUND	function	Performs double-precision rounding on a value.
DTX	function	Returns the hexadecimal representation of a decimal expression.
DYNTOXML	function	Converts a dynamic array to XML.
EBCDIC	function	Converts a string value from ASCII to EBCDIC.
ENCRYPT	function	Encrypts strings.
EQS	function	Tests if elements of one dynamic array are equal to the elements of another dynamic array.
EREPLACE	function	Replace substring in an expression with another substring.
EXP	function	Returns the mathematical constant e to the specified power.
EXTRACT	function	Archaic method of extracting elements from a dynamic array.
FADD	function	Performs addition on two floating point numbers.
FDIV	function	Performs division on two floating point numbers.
FIELD	function	Returns one or more delimited fields from a string.
FIELDS	function	Returns a dynamic array of delimited fields from a dynamic array of strings.
FILEINFO	function	Returns information on a specified file variable
FMT	function	Formats a string to a specified pattern.
FMTS	function	Formats the elements of a dynamic array for output.
FMUL	function	Performs multiplication on two floating point numbers.
FOLD	function	Re-delimits a specified string with attribute marks.
FSUB	function	Performs subtraction on two floating point numbers.
GES	function	Compares corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
GETCWD	function	Returns the name of the current working directory.
GETENV	function	Determines the value of the specified environment variable.
GROUP	function	Returns one or more delimited fields from a string.
ICONV	function	Converts data in external format to internal format.
ICONVS	function	Converts elements of a dynamic array to internal format.
IFS	function	returns a dynamic array whose elements are chosen individually from one of two arrays based on the contents of a third array.
INDEX	function	Returns the position of a character or characters within another string.
INDICES	function	Returns information about a file's secondary index.
INMAT	function	Returns the number of dimensioned array elements.
INSERT	function	Allows the insertion of elements into a dynamic array.
INT	function	Truncates a numeric value to the nearest integer.
IOCTL	function	Returns file information.
ISALPHA	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of alphabetic characters.
ISALNUM	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of alphanumeric characters.
ISCNTRL	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of control characters.
ISDIGIT	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of numeric characters.
ISPRINT	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of printable characters.
ISSPACE	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of space type characters.
ISUPPER	function	Checks that an expression consists entirely of upper case characters.
JBASECOREDUMP	function	Dumps a portion of the application to an external file for later analysis.
KEYIN	function	Reads a single character from the input buffer and returns it.
LATIN1	function	Converts a UTF-8 byte sequence to it's Binary or Latin equivalent.
LEFT	function	Extracts the first n characters from a string.
LEN	function	Returns the character length of an expression.
LENS	function	Returns a dynamic array of the number of bytes in each element of a dynamic array.
LENDP	function	Returns the display length of and expression.
LES	function	Determines whether elements of one dynamic array are less than or equal to the corresponding element in another dynamic array.
LN	function	Returns the value of the natural logarithm of a supplied expression.
LOCALDATE	function	Returns an internal date using the specified Timestamp and TimeZone combination.
LOCALTIME	function	Returns and internal time using the specified Timestamp and TimeZone combination.
LOWCASE	function	Converts all uppercase characters in an expression to lowercase.
LOWER	function	Lowers delimiters in a string to their next lowest value.
MAKETIMESTAMP	function	Generates a Timestamp using internal date, time and timezone.
MAXIMUM	function	Returns the highest numerical value in a dynamic array.
MATCHES	function	Allows pattern matching to be applied to an expression.
MATCHFIELD	function	Checks a string against a match pattern.
MINIMUM	function	Returns the lowest numerical value in a dynamic array.
MOD	function	Returns the arithmetic modulo of two numeric expressions.
MODS	function	Creates a a dynamic array from the remainder of the division of the elements in two dynamic arrays.
MULS	function	Divides corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
NEG	function	Returns the inverse of a value.
NEGS	function	Returns the negative values for the elements of a dynamic array.
NES	function	Determines whether the elements of one dynamic array are equal to the corresponding elements in another dynamic array.
NOT	function	Inverts the Boolean value of an expression.
NOTS	function	Returns a dynamic array of the logical complement of the elements of a dynamic array.
NUM	function	Returns Boolean true if the supplied value is numeric.
NUMS	function	Determines whether the elements of a dynamic array are numeric.
OCONV	function	Converts data in internal format to external format.
OCONVS	function	Converts the elements of a dynamic array to external format.
ORS	function	Creates a dynamic array of the logical OR of the corresponding elements of two dynamic arrays.
PUTENV	function	Sets environment variables for the current process.
PWR	function	Raises a number to a specified power.
QUOTE	function	Encloses a value in double quotation marks.
RAISE	function	Raises delimiters in a string to their next highest value.
RECORDLOCKED	function	Returns the status of a record lock.
REGEXP	function	Pattern matching with regular expressions.
REM	function	Returns the arithmetic modulo of two numeric expressions.
REMOVE	function	Successively extracts delimited strings from a dynamic array.
REPLACE	function	Archaic method of replacing elements in dynamic arrays.
RIGHT	function	Extracts the last n characters from a string.
RND	function	Generates a random number.
SADD	function	Performs string addition.
SDIV	function	Performs string division.
SENTENCE	function	Returns the command used to invoke a program and the arguments it was given.
SEQ	function	Returns the numeric ASCII value of a character.
SEQS	function	Converts a dynamic array of ASCII characters to their numeric string equivalents.
SIN	function	Returns the sine of an angle.
SMUL	function	Performs string multiplication.
SORT	function	Sorts a dynamic array.
SOUNDEX	function	Converts strings to their phonetic equivalents.
SPACE	function	Generates strings of spaces.
SPACES	function	Generates a dynamic array with elements comprising of blank spaces.
SPLICE	function	Creates a dynamic array from the element by element concatenation of two dynamic arrays.
SPOOLER	function	Returns spooler information.
SQRT	function	Returns the square root of a number.
SQUOTE	function	Encloses a value in single quotation marks.
SSUB	function	Performs string subtraction.
STATUS	function	Determines cause of a file open failure.
STOP	function	Program termination.
STR	function	Performs string duplication.
STRS	function	Generates a dynamic array containing the specified number of repetitions of each element of a dynamic array
SUBS	function	Subtracts corresponding elements in two dynamic arrays.
SUBSTRINGS	function	Returns sub-strings of elements from a dynamic array.
SUM	function	Sums elements of a dynamic array.
SYSTEM	function	Returns system information.
SWAP	function	Sub-string replacement.
TAN	function	Returns the tangent of an angle.
TIME	function	Returns the current system time.
TIMEDATE	function	Returns the current time and date.
TIMEDIFF	function	Returns the interval between two timestamps as a dynamic array.
TIMEOUT	function	Terminates a READBLK or READSEQ statement.
TIMESTAMP	function	Returns a UTC timestamp as decimal seconds.
TRANS	function	Retrieves a field from a file.
TRANSQUERY	function	Used to determine if currently in a transaction.
TRIM	function	Removes characters from a string.
TRIMB	function	Removes trailing blanks.
TRIMBS	function	Removes trailing spaces and tabs from elements of a dynamic array.
TRIMF	function	Removes leading blanks.
TRIMFS	function	Removes leading spaces and tabs from elements of a dynamic array.
UNASSIGNED	function	Returns Boolean result for variable assignment.
UNIQUEKEY	function	Returns a unique 16-byte character key.
UPCASE	function	Converts all lowercase characters in an expression to uppercase.
UTF8	function	Converts a latin1 or binary string into the UTF-8 equivalent byte sequence.
WRITEXML	function	Writes an XML record to a hashed file.
XLATE	function	Retrieves a field from a file.
XMLTODYN	function	Converts XML to a dynamic array.
XMLTOXML	function	Transforms XML using an XSL
XTD	function	Returns the decimal representation of a hexadecimal expression.

php tutorial part II

Introduction

In the last part of the tutorial I explained some of the advantages of PHP as a scripting language and showed you how to test your server for PHP. In this part I will show you the basics of showing information in the browser and how you can use variables to hold information.

Printing Text

To output text in your PHP script is actually very simple. As with most other things in PHP, you can do it in a variety of different ways. The main one you will be using, though, is print. Print will allow you to output text, variables or a combination of the two so that they display on the screen.

The print statement is used in the following way:

print("Hello world!");

I will explain the above line:

print is the command and tells the script what to do. This is followed by the information to be printed, which is contained in the brackets. Because you are outputting text, the text is also enclosed instide quotation marks. Finally, as with nearly every line in a PHP script, it must end in a semicolon. You would, of course, have to enclose this in your standard PHP tags, making the following code:



Which will display:

Hello world!

on the screen.

Variables

As with other programming languages, PHP allows you to define variables. In PHP there are several variable types, but the most common is called a String. It can hold text and numbers. All strings begin with a $ sign. To assign some text to a string you would use the following code:

$welcome_text = "Hello and welcome to my website.";

This is quite a simple line to understand, everything inside the quotation marks will be assigned to the string. You must remember a few rules about strings though:

Strings are case sensetive so $Welcome_Text is not the same as $welcome_text
String names can contain letters, numbers and underscores but cannot begin with a number or underscore
When assigning numbers to strings you do not need to include the quotes so:

$user_id = 987

would be allowed.

Outputting Variables

To display a variable on the screen uses exactly the same code as to display text but in a slightly different form. The following code would display your welcome text:



As you can see, the only major difference is that you do not need the quotation marks if you are printing a variable.

Formatting Your Text

Unfortunately, the output from your PHP programs is quite boring. Everything is just output in the browser's default font. It is very easy, though, to format your text using HTML. This is because, as PHP is a server side language, the code is executed before the page is sent to the browser. This means that only the resulting information from the script is sent, so in the example above the browser would just be sent the text:

Hello and welcome to my website.

This means, though, that you can include standard HTML markup in your scripts and strings. The only problem with this is that many HTML tags require the " sign. You may notice that this will clash with the quotation marks used to print your text. This means that you must tell the script which quotes should be used (the ones at the beginning and end of the output) and which ones should be ignored (the ones in the HTML code).

For this example I will change the text to the Arial font in red. The normal code for this would be:




As you can see this code contains 4 quotation marks so would confuse the script. Because of this you must add a backslash before each quotation mark to make the PHP script ignore it. The code would chang
e to:




You can now include this in your print statement:

print("Hello and welcome to my website.");

which will make the browser display:

Hello and welcome to my website.

because it has only been sent the code:

Hello and welcome to my website.

This does make it quite difficult to output HTML code into the browser but later in this tutorial I will show you another way of doing this which can make it a bit easier.

Platform Of this Blog

This Blog will go with developing tools, and different languages, We will discuss how to customize anything which we like on web.